Mechanism for drawing textile



May 28, 1940. F. CASABLANCAS' fnvenfir jrnaiufi flasalzancw y 1940- F. CASABLANCAS 2,202,755

MECHANISM FOR DRAWING TEXTILE ROVINGS ad iii .6. 3 W

frwenZZr firmmdo Qwaflanca' May 28, 1940 UNITED; STATES PATENT OFFICE MECHANISM FOR DRAWING TEXTILE ROVINGS Fernando Casablanca-s, Manchester; England. as-

signor to Casablancas High Draft Co.. Ltd., Salford, Manchester, England, a British com- Application July 13, 1938; Serial No. 219,084 In France January 20, 1938 7 Claims.

This invention relates to mechanisms for drawing textile fibres and more particularly to high draft mechanisms of the type making use of a pair of endless belts or of a single belt and 'roller which guide and control the roving being drawn.

In such mechanisms it is desirable for the fibres to be in as a compact a form as possible when they enter the nip between the two endless belts roving right up to the end of the drafting operation.

In certain cases two or morerovings are. fed into each drawing mechanism and are there drafted into a single strand. The present practice is merely to guide the several rovings by means of the usual roving guide which precedes the usual pair of feed rollers. As the distance between this guide and the endless belt'or belts is generally as much as 50 to 60 millimetres or more, the individual rovings are liable to deviatefrom their correct paths during the first stage of the drafting operation with the'result'that, by the time they enter thz belt or belts, they are often quite separate from each other. Sometimes, however they arrive one on top of the other. the belt or belts may be presented alternatively with a thinly spread layer of fibres or with a narrow thick layer and these variations inevi 1 tably prpduce variations in the amount of control and result in irregularitiesin the final draft;

far used have been really successful in practice owing to the very delicate and accurate manner inwhich they must carry out their function. For instance, the gathering and pressing of the fibres together must be done very gradually as otherwise many of the fibres will curl uprand tend to rutlle the whole roving. At the same time, however, it is necessary for the fibres to be com pressed into a very narrow strand in order to obtain any appreciable efiect and this must be done close up against the nip of the pair of belts or of the belt and roller as the case may be, as otherwise the gathering or condensing device is liable to produce a certain amount of irregular stretching Thus "Attempts have been made to overcome the. i above diiiiculties but none of the arrangements soand also there is a chance of the fibres becoming separated again before reaching the belt or belts.

It is, accordingly, the chief object of this invention to provide means which condense the fibres just before they enter the nip of the belts or of the belt and roller, and largely overcome the aforesaid difficulties, increase the amount of fibre .control and the regularity of the drafting and diminish the amount of waste or fly cotton produced. These means comprise essentially a condenser which is mounted 'vonthe cradle which is normally associatedgyviththe rollersand serves to guide the belt or belts, this condenser being located immediately behind the nip of the. said belt or belts. -The condenser is funnel-shaped and is preferably formed with a; side opening or 1 slot through which the rovingcan be inserted and removed without havingfto be broken as would be necessary if the ends through the funnel. g 1

The condensing of the fibres must be effected had to be threaded in such a way-that the lateral freedom. of .move-,

ment of the roving is notre'strict'ed andit'is'accordingly a further object of the. invention so to 3 mount the con denser. that it canmove'freely, but.

very accurately;along a path which is parallel to i the line of'thenip between the two belts, orbetween the belt/and rollerfi To achieve.this'the" cradle may beso constructed that its back part v forms a horizontal slot or guide within or upon which the condenser, which may be formed with an external channel'or groove is supported in such a mannerthatitcan slide 'freely'from'one side.

to the other. "In this'way, the roving is not liable.

to be deflected from its direct path.

Further objects of,- theinvention will-be apparent fromthefollowing description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in I which: V V

Figure 1 shows diagrammatically and in section a" drafting mechanism according to the invention. Figure'zisa back view ofythe cradle and belt mechanism of Figure lshowing the condenser.

, Figures 3 and 4 are respectively, side andback views of a modifiedform of condenser.

Figure 5 is a side view'of'a formof condenserparticularly suitable for those cases where the rovings. are very thick as in speed frames, and

Figure 6 is aplan view'of the condenser shown in Figure 5. p I

Referring first to Figures 1 and 2-, the usual pair of feed rollers are shown at I and 2, while land 4 represent the front drawing rollers. Between these two pairs of rollers is a pair of intermediate rollers 5 and 6 having endless belts l and 8 respectivly. The shafts or reduced sections 9 and ill of the rollers and 6 rotate in the usual manner in slots formed in the side plates H of the cradle. These plates support a U-shaped tensor member, the arms I2 and I 3 of which guide the front loops of the belts.

Extending across the back of the cradle are, two transverse bars I and I5 between which is slidably mounted the condenser 16 which is formed with a suitable external groove to receive the bars. The condenser I6 is formed with a central conical or funnel-shaped aperture I I while its front end is tapered in order that it may be located close to the nip of the belts 1 and 8.

Instead of being formed with a single circumferential groove the condenser may be formed with upper and lower fiat bottomed grooves in order that it may be prevented from rotating when sliding along the bars I and I5.

In Figures 3 and 4 a different form is shown. The condenser proper indicated at 20 is of inverted U-section, the bottom opening allowing of the insertion and removal of the roving. This part of the condenser is secured to or formed integrally with a flat plate 2| which is formed at its bottom with a V-notch corresponding to the lower opening of the part 20 and is formed at its upper end with three prongs 22, 23 and 24. The outer prongs 22 and 24 are bent over and serve to support the condenser from the upper bar l4 while the central prong 23 acts as a handle. The lower end of the plate 2| bears against and is guided by the lower bar l5. As in the previous case the front end of the part 20 is tapered so that it may approach closely to the nip of the belts which are indicated generally at 25 and 26 in Figure 3.

Figures 5 and 6 show the way in which the front end of a condenser 80 is cut away to a sharp angle 3| which may be brought very close to the nip of the belts.

It will be understood that modifications may be efiected in the shapes of the cradle and of the condenser, the essential feature being that the condenser is supported on the cradle itself, or on parts secured thereto, closely adjacent the nip of the belts or of the belt and roller.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a mechanism for drawing textile rovings the. combination of a pair of rollers, a cradle associated with the said rollers, a belt for at least one of the said rollers passing round the same and guided laterally by the said cradle, and a device for reducing the cross section of the roving, said device being slidably supported by the cradle at the back of the rollers and being free to move laterally in a direction transverse to the path of the roving.

2. In a mechanism for drawing textile rovings the combination of a pair of rollers, a cradle and at least one endless belt associated therewith, said cradle being provided at the back with a pair of horizontal members, and a condensing device slidably supported by the upper of said members and guided by the lower of said members for reducing the cross section of the roving.

3. In a mechanism for drawing textile rovings, in which a pair of feeding rolls, a pair of drawing rolls, a pair of conducting members having extensive surfaces located between said drawing and feeding rolls, and a cradle for saidcon-' ducting members are used, a condenser located between said pair of feeding rolls and said conducting members and being located nearer the conducting members than the feeding rolls and having its wider end toward the feeding rolls and its narrow end toward the conducting members, the narrow end of the condenser being externally small to fit very close to the nip between the conducting members, and means supported by said cradle for operatively carrying said condenser to slide in parallelism with the nip between said conducting members.

4. In a mechanism for drawing textile rovings the combination of roving guiding and controlling means comprising a. pair of rollers and an endless belt for at least one of said rollers and passing round the same, a cradle associated with the said rollers and laterally guiding said belt, a device for reducing the cross-section of t roving, said device being located adjacent the i let of said guiding and controlling means, an means for slidably mounting the device on t cradle for free lateral movement of the devi e in a direction transverse to the path of the roving.

5. In a mechanism for drawing textile rovings the combination or a pair of feed rollers, a pair of drawing rollers, roving guiding and controlling means located between said pairs of rollers and comprising in turn a further pair of rollers, at least one of which carries an endless belt, a cradle associated with said guiding and controlling means, a condensing device formed with a funnel-shaped aperture for reducing the cross-section of the roving as it passes from said feeding rollers to said roving guiding and controlling means, said device being arranged with the nerrow end of said aperture immediately adjacent the inlet of said guiding and controlling means and means for slidably mounting the condensing device on the cradle for free movement along a path parallel to the axes of the rollers.

6. In a mechanism for drawing textile rovings the combination of a pair of rollers, a pair of endless belts one passing round each of the said rollers, a cradle associated with said rollers and guiding said belts, said cradle comprising a pair of side plates and two transverse members which are spaced apart and extend across the back of the cradle adjacent the nip of said belts between said rollers, and a funnel-shaped condensing device formed with a funnel-shaped longitudinal aperture and at least one external recess, said device being slidably supported, by means of said recess, between the adjacent edges of said transverse members and with its narrower end very close to the said nip of the belts in such a manner that the said device is prevented from moving towards or away from said nip whilst it is free to move in a direction parallel to the axes of the rollers.

7. In a mechanism for drawing textile rovings the combination of a pair of rollers, a cradle as-- being slidably supported on the upper of said pail" of transverse bars by means of said bent-over portions and being guided by the lower of said pair of bars.

FERNANDO CASABLANCAS. 

